List of High Courts in India

High Courts in India are the highest judicial forums at the state and union territory levels. They serve as the apex judicial bodies within their juri

List of High Courts in India

High Courts in India are the highest judicial forums at the state and union territory levels. They serve as the apex judicial bodies within their jurisdictions, responsible for interpreting the law, administering justice, and overseeing the functioning of lower courts. Each High Court has the authority to handle a wide range of legal matters, including civil, criminal, and constitutional cases. Here is a detailed overview of the High Courts in India, including their locations, jurisdictions, and notable functions.

1. High Court of Allahabad

• Location: Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
• Established: 1866
• Jurisdiction: Uttar Pradesh
• Notable Functions: One of the oldest High Courts in India, it handles a vast number of cases and has a significant impact on the legal landscape of Uttar Pradesh. It is known for its historic judgments and contributions to legal reforms.

2. High Court of Bombay

• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Established: 1862
• Jurisdiction: Maharashtra and Goa
• Notable Functions: A major High Court with jurisdiction over Mumbai, it handles high-profile commercial and criminal cases. It plays a crucial role in the legal and economic affairs of Maharashtra and Goa.

3. High Court of Calcutta

• Location: Kolkata, West Bengal
• Established: 1862
• Jurisdiction: West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Notable Functions: Known for its historic judgments and contributions to Indian legal history, this High Court handles a wide range of cases and has a significant influence on the legal system in West Bengal.

4. High Court of Chennai (Madras)

• Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Established: 1862
• Jurisdiction: Tamil Nadu and Puducherry
• Notable Functions: One of the oldest High Courts in India, it deals with important civil, criminal, and constitutional cases. The court is known for its significant contributions to legal jurisprudence.

5. High Court of Delhi

• Location: New Delhi, Delhi
• Established: 1966
• Jurisdiction: Delhi
• Notable Functions: This High Court has jurisdiction over the National Capital Territory of Delhi and is known for handling significant cases involving central government matters, public interest litigation, and constitutional issues.

6. High Court of Gauhati

• Location: Guwahati, Assam
• Established: 1948
• Jurisdiction: Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Arunachal Pradesh
• Notable Functions: It serves the northeastern states and is known for its important rulings on regional issues and its role in the administration of justice in the region.

7. High Court of Haryana and Punjab

• Location: Chandigarh
• Established: 1966
• Jurisdiction: Haryana and Punjab
• Notable Functions: This High Court was established to serve the states of Haryana and Punjab, handling a range of legal matters and contributing to the development of regional legal jurisprudence.

8. High Court of Jammu and Kashmir

• Location: Srinagar (summer), Jammu (winter)
• Established: 1928
• Jurisdiction: Jammu and Kashmir
• Notable Functions: This High Court handles cases from the Jammu and Kashmir region and has been involved in significant legal matters concerning the state's special status and its relationship with the rest of India.

9. High Court of Jharkhand

• Location: Ranchi, Jharkhand
• Established: 2000
• Jurisdiction: Jharkhand
• Notable Functions: Created after the bifurcation of Bihar, this High Court deals with legal issues pertaining to Jharkhand and plays a key role in the state's judicial administration.

10. High Court of Karnataka

• Location: Bengaluru, Karnataka
• Established: 1884
• Jurisdiction: Karnataka
• Notable Functions: It is known for handling major legal cases in Karnataka, including issues related to technology and business due to the state's IT hub status.

11. High Court of Kerala

• Location: Ernakulam, Kerala
• Established: 1956
• Jurisdiction: Kerala and Lakshadweep
• Notable Functions: This High Court handles significant cases from Kerala and Lakshadweep and is known for its involvement in environmental and public interest litigation.

12. High Court of Madhya Pradesh

• Location: Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
• Established: 1956
• Jurisdiction: Madhya Pradesh
• Notable Functions: Serving the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, this High Court handles a variety of legal matters and is known for its role in the state's judicial administration.

13. High Court of Maharashtra and Goa

• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Established: 1862
• Jurisdiction: Maharashtra and Goa
• Notable Functions: This High Court has jurisdiction over both Maharashtra and Goa and deals with a wide range of cases, including commercial, civil, and criminal matters.

14. High Court of Manipur

• Location: Imphal, Manipur
• Established: 2013
• Jurisdiction: Manipur
• Notable Functions: A relatively new High Court established to address the growing need for judicial administration in Manipur.

15. High Court of Meghalaya

• Location: Shillong, Meghalaya
• Established: 2013
• Jurisdiction: Meghalaya
• Notable Functions: This High Court serves the state of Meghalaya and handles various legal matters including those related to the region's unique socio-cultural context.

16. High Court of Mizoram

• Location: Aizawl, Mizoram
• Established: 2011
• Jurisdiction: Mizoram
• Notable Functions: Established to address legal issues in Mizoram, the High Court plays a significant role in the administration of justice in the state.

17. High Court of Nagaland

• Location: Kohima, Nagaland
• Established: 2011
• Jurisdiction: Nagaland
• Notable Functions: This High Court deals with legal matters pertaining to Nagaland and supports the state's judicial needs.

18. High Court of Punjab and Haryana

• Location: Chandigarh
• Established: 1966
• Jurisdiction: Punjab and Haryana
• Notable Functions: Serves both Punjab and Haryana, addressing a wide range of legal issues and contributing to regional legal development.

19. High Court of Rajasthan

• Location: Jodhpur, Rajasthan
• Established: 1949
• Jurisdiction: Rajasthan
• Notable Functions: Handles a variety of legal matters in the state of Rajasthan, known for its significant rulings and contributions to the state's judicial system.

20. High Court of Sikkim

• Location: Gangtok, Sikkim
• Established: 1975
• Jurisdiction: Sikkim
• Notable Functions: Established to cater to the legal needs of the small state of Sikkim, it plays an essential role in the state's judicial administration.

21. High Court of Telangana

• Location: Hyderabad, Telangana
• Established: 2014
• Jurisdiction: Telangana
• Notable Functions: The newest High Court in India, it handles legal matters specific to the state of Telangana and contributes to the region's legal development.

22. High Court of Tripura

• Location: Agartala, Tripura
• Established: 2013
• Jurisdiction: Tripura
• Notable Functions: Established to serve the state of Tripura, this High Court deals with a range of legal issues and supports the state's judicial system.

Conclusion

The High Courts of India are vital components of the country's judicial system, each playing a crucial role in interpreting and enforcing the law within their respective jurisdictions. From historical institutions like the High Courts of Bombay and Calcutta to newer entities like those in Telangana and Tripura, these courts ensure justice is accessible across India's diverse regions. Understanding their functions, jurisdictions, and contributions provides valuable insights into India's legal landscape and the administration of justice.